shuili_123 发表于 2024-5-24 05:58:09

法兰垫片的类型、标识和选用!


    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/picHNOuliaqkCNtY4yOfkRhWP8NKejz4U08d7XNnDTSiahZTOksgxLKFslgjDZ2f3MfcubMGhPHpcpic8kT1sdlLAw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/HNDn8urPLxRtgs46tlibQerfictdNibgpC7H1RY9WXDYgVoPiaN4ZsMbHoCKEKH3stIAluyHCQexickscQ0UTuA3NoQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片是法兰连接的主要密封件,因而正确选用垫片也是保证法兰连接不泄漏的关键。根据制作材料的不同,垫片可以分为很多种类。除了垫片的类型,垫片的标识和选型也很重要!</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">1</strong>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">垫片的结构型式</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcibGz5pgT7HHia6oLO9TUSHZVOIbUgyPKZgrxHrbbkicCTXnaK8VPhgSAQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">工业上使用的平垫片一般由密封元件及内、外加强环组成,密封元件或称垫片本体是阻止泄漏的关键部分。其常用的材料有非金属材料,如柔性石墨、聚四氟乙烯、纤维增强橡胶基复合板等。<span style="color: green;">此外,密封元件材料也可以是刚性或柔性的金属,通常用于压力和温度较高的场合。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">对于非金属材料的密封元件,通常插入金属材料予以增强,同时也方便了如石墨等易破碎材料密封元件的制造加工。增强材料可以是金属薄板或丝网,金属薄板常常采用冲刺孔的方式以提高增强效果和增加弹性,并通过粘结剂和辊压将它们贴合在一起。密封元件也可以可设一表面层或抗粘结处理层来增加密封效果和防止法兰密封面粘结。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">外加强环或外环材料均为实体金属,其作用是:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">帮助密封元件安装时对中;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">防止密封元件过份压缩而破坏;防止垫片吹出和减少法兰转动等。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">外加强环不与密封介质接触,因此不要求耐介质腐蚀,故常常由碳钢材料制成。外加强环还可以与密封元件制成一体,例如金属齿形垫片、波齿复合垫片。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">内加强环或内环接触流体,其材料应能抵御密封介质的腐蚀。内加强环的作用是:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">防止密封元件与容器或管道法兰之间的空隙,以避免此空隙干扰流体的流动以及由此引起的流体对垫片的冲击。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">2</strong>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">法兰垫片的种类</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPczydsgbUrQgVudLdw082suVKMtGMg5zzJLnfrox1kicT4O6L68MAWF1g/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">1、非金属平垫片——<span style="color: green;">聚四氟乙烯包履垫片</span></span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcgpkJzw6fa1BbljzK252P7MlysPvPLTicKmlpLZHadV8D8DXmnTg4RFA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①垫片介绍</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">聚四氟乙烯包履垫片是一种非金属复合型软垫片,一般由包封皮及嵌入物两部分组成。包封皮主要起抗腐蚀作用,通常由聚四氟乙烯材料制成,嵌入物(填料)为带或不带金属加强筋的非金属材料,通常由石棉橡胶板制成。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">聚四氟乙烯包履垫片主要适用于全平面型及突面型钢制管法兰连接,适用公称压力PN为0.6~5.0MPa、工作温度为0~150 ℃的腐蚀介质或对清洁度有较高要求的介质。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②垫片的形式</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">管法兰用聚四氟乙烯包履垫片按制造方式可分为三种型式:剖切型(S型)、机加工型(M型)、折包型(F型)。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">对于机加工型包履垫片,其包封层内径可与法兰内径一致,以防止流体在法兰处产生涡流。对于折包型包履垫片,它是由厚度为0.4~0.8mm的带状聚四氟乙烯薄膜,用热密封方法将两端热合后包在环状的芯材外面呈U形状,制造简便,适用于尺寸较大的法兰密封。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcNPfzicBriaZuVTh63gV9M8qkn5MDROdQruvCLEdTlCfsK8tnd9tAJMlQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③标记—标记示例</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径50mm、公称压力1.0MPa的剖切型聚四氟乙烯垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">S-50-1.0 &nbsp;GB/T1304-1992</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径50mm、公称压力1.0MPa的机加工型聚四氟乙烯垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">&nbsp;M-50-1.0 &nbsp;GB/T1304-1992</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径50mm、公称压力1.0MPa的折包型聚四氟乙烯垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">F-50-1.0 &nbsp;GB/T1304-1992</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">2、金属复合垫片</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcwT7licUlicPCRe1X8TfMmeU2C6Nvu7Ite7eP5qoCj1WcQgjcOn0Ju0zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(1)金属缠绕式垫片</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属缠绕式垫片是由金属带和非金属带螺旋复合绕制而成的一种半金属平垫片。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①金属缠绕式垫片的特性是:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">压缩、回弹性能好;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">具有多道密封和一定的自紧功能;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">对于法兰压紧面的表面缺陷不太敏感,不粘接法兰密封面,容易对中,因而拆卸便捷;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">可部分消除压力、温度变化和机械振动的影响;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">能在高温、低压、高真空、冲击振动等循环交变的各种苛刻条件下,保持其优良的密封性能。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②形式</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">缠绕式垫片按其结构不同可分为四种型式:</span><span style="color: green;">基本型、带内环型、带定为环型、带内环和定为环型。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPc9c8uJfd0t45E6BwuEAvscD2iceQorSGX0CgCqicyykyGCUQoy9pk24Ug/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③垫片型式代号(GB/T4622.1-2003)</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcMpxiaPxMqZGryQuy3oZibp2ibia2RicUzUjcIgjF2M26NQE24YhalY2jk7w/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">④标记—标记示例</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPczlhDncibURibNdFRCH8mib5zRnr9DjtqSBle9H0L0tuv04yWwDot5uicDQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">带内环和定为环型:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">定为环材料为低碳钢、金属带材料为0Cr18Ni9;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径150mm;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称压力4.0MPa(40bar);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片尺寸标准GB/T4622.2-2003;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">其标记为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">缠绕垫 D &nbsp;1222-DN150-PN40 &nbsp;GB/T4622.2</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">基本型:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属带材料为0Cr18Ni9、填充带材料为柔性石墨;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径150mm;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称压力4.0MPa(40bar);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片尺寸标准GB/T4622.2-2003;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">其标记为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">缠绕垫 &nbsp;A &nbsp;0220-DN150-PN40 &nbsp;GB/T4622.2</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">⑤缠绕式垫片的选择和使用方法:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">a、基本型垫片适用于榫槽面法兰</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">b、内环型垫片适用于凹凸面法兰</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">c、定为环型垫片适用于平面和突面法兰</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">d、内环和定为环型垫片适用于平面和突面法兰</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(2)金属包履垫片</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①结构</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属包履垫片是以非金属材料为芯材,切成所需形状,外面包以厚度为0.25~0.5mm的金属薄板组成的一种复合垫片。根据包履状态,一般分为平面型和波纹型两种。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPc32IVeC7GM2MvMGwOI14XY2ETYFg8SicGeSf4JfCF5N0qFtAWAVWiaiacw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">按结构型式分为平面型(F型)及波纹型(C型)两种。压力容器法兰用金属包履垫片结构型式为平面型一种。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②金属板材标准和代号(JB/T4706-2000)</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcOpedxaIrY8FsThO8SvN07oog86Udo0YwR3Lwc23EXcAIVrMB2ajZWA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③标记—标记示例</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcA9x9IicRPZbZ5ndHCRQVsfsXpv63pWDS0OqH89wqfLzYSbrL8lNF8vA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径50mm,公称压力2.0MPa的波纹型金属包履垫片:C-50-2.0 &nbsp; GB/T15601</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">压力容器法兰用金属包履垫片的标记及示例:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPc9IUO48kMC71fvl10cpwHJXJb8L3eSia7Hn0bicO27vQPaWxCic0y7aOGw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称直径1000mm,公称压力2.50MPa,金属板材为0Cr18Ni9的包履垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片 &nbsp; G-1000-2.50- &nbsp;JB/T4706-2000</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;"><strong style="color: blue;">(3)金属冲齿板柔性石墨复合垫片</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①垫片介绍</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">这种垫片又称柔性石墨金属增强复合垫片,它是由冲齿的金属齿板或冲孔金属芯板与柔性石墨粒子复合压成的一种密封垫片,它通常由柔性石墨复合增强板裁制而成。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">根据需要,柔性石墨金属增强复合垫片可制成带不锈钢或碳钢内包边或内外包边。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②特点</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">主要特点是:有良好的耐高、低温,耐腐蚀,耐辐射等性能,强度较高,能在高压工况下使用。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">所需预紧力比使用金属垫片或金属缠绕垫片小。由于柔性石墨具有可塑性和良好的充填性,使用这种垫片时对相配法兰密封面不需要进行精密加工,对法兰密封面上制有“水线”沟槽也能适应,相对来说比较经济。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">柔性石墨复合垫片型式分为RF型、MFM型和TG型,分别适用于突面、凹凸面和榫槽面法兰。根据需要,RF型垫片可带不锈钢或碳钢内包边,即为RF-E型。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcdPzvItvia45xDQ31eRiaVWm5X0LfZuZticArfQNCT8vMzn5ibZtEEiaKHdw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③标记—</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">标记示例</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径100mm、公称压力2.5MPa、芯板材料为低碳钢的榫槽面法兰用柔性石墨金属增强复合垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">HG/T 20608 石墨复合垫 TG &nbsp;100-2.5 St</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径200mm、公称压力4.0MPa、芯板材料为0Cr18Ni9的突面法兰用内包边柔性石墨金属增强复合垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">HG/T 20608 石墨复合垫 RF-E &nbsp;200-4.0 &nbsp;304</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">&nbsp;(4)金属波齿复合垫片</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①垫片介绍</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">由柔性石墨做成的金属波齿复合垫片是在机械加工成波齿状的金属板两面覆上柔性石墨的一种复合垫片,这种垫片既有金属的强度,又有波纹弹性的特点,最高温度650℃,最高压力可达26MPa。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②垫片类型</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">柔性石墨金属波齿复合垫片按其结构不同分为三种型式:基本型、带定位换型、带隔条型。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcmM3oIbR4iadh6MWY77ejzWRLicZiciaZfXyY8Ihssyzr1jeicbjMFiaP5Hibg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片型式代号(GB/T19066.1-2003)</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPcXzbBicUrrvXJxUOtRT3DImialREdFzNcxyZH6XSo5T9EHPd6m7buGEicQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③标记—标记方法:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/vSABwyURAVjOCO9nCA4L9sXvIOLQxyPc44qBXQmXBDbKficfuYgjjQ5S445DkfsQRxrSKpOnkPE9DenRXdBvYGg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">带定位环型:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属骨架材料0Cr18Ni9;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径150mm;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称压力4.0MPa(40bar);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">垫片尺寸标准GB/T19066.2。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属骨架材料代号(GB/T19066.1-2003)</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">波齿垫:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">B3-DN150-PN40 &nbsp;GB/T19066.2</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">3、金属垫片</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(1)金属环形垫片</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属环形垫片是用金属材料加工成截面为八角形或椭圆形的实体金属垫片,具有径向自紧密封作用。故金属环形垫片是靠与法兰梯槽的内外侧面(主要是外侧面)接触,并通过压紧而形成密封的。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">八角形环形垫与法兰槽相配,主要表现为面接触。同椭圆形环垫相比,虽然不易与法兰槽达到密合,但却能再次使用,并且因截面是直线构成,容易加工。椭圆形环垫与法兰槽是线接触,密封性较好,但加工精度要求高,因而增加了制造成本,同时椭圆形环垫不能重复使用。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属环垫适用的公称压力为2.0~42.0MPa。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(2)金属齿形垫片</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">①垫片介绍</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属齿形垫片是一种实体金属垫片,垫片的剖切面呈锯齿形,齿距t=1.5~2mm,齿高h=0.65~0.85mm,齿顶宽度C=0.2~0.3mm。在密封面上车削若干个同心圆,其齿数为7~16,视垫片的规格大小而定。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">②垫片的结构形式和优点</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">金属齿形垫片的结构型式有基本型、带外环型、带内环型及带内外环型四种,比较常见的结构为基本型。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">由于金属齿形垫片密封表面接触区的V形筋形成许多具有压差的空间线接触,所以密封可靠,使用周期长。和一般金属垫片相比,这种垫片需要的压紧力较小。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">其缺点是在每次更换垫片时,都要对两法兰密封面进行加工,因而费时费力。另外,垫片使用后容易在法兰密封面上留下压痕,故一般用于较少拆卸的部位。金属齿形垫片适用的公称压力为1.6~25.0MPa。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">③</span><span style="color: green;">标记示例</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">公称通径100mm、公称压力6.3MPa、材料为0Cr19Ni9的凹凸面管法兰用金属齿形垫片:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">齿形垫 &nbsp;100-63 0Cr19Ni9 &nbsp;JB/T88-1994</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">3</strong>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">垫片尺寸的选用</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">&nbsp; 1、选用垫片的基本原则</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(1)选用或订购垫片时应了解以下基本数据:&nbsp;</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">a、相配法兰的密封面型式和尺寸;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">b、法兰及垫片的公称通径;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">c、法兰及垫片的公称压力;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">d、流体介质的温度;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">e、流体介质的性质。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">(2)选用垫片时还应考虑以下因素:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">a、有良好的压缩及回弹性能,能适应温度和压力的波动;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">b、有良好的可塑性,能与法兰密封面很好的贴合; &nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">c、对有应力腐蚀开裂倾向的某些金属(如奥氏体不锈耐酸钢)法兰,应保证垫片材料不含引起各种腐蚀的超量杂质,如控制垫片氯离子含量以对法兰腐蚀;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">d、不污染介质;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">e、对密封高度毒性的化学品,要求垫片应具有更大的安全性;对于输送易燃液体的管道系统,要求垫片用于法兰上的最高使用压力和最高使用温度在限制范围内;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">f、低温时不易硬化,收缩量小,高温时不易软化,抗蠕变性能好;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">g、加工性能好,安装及压紧方便;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><span style="color: green;">&nbsp;h、不粘接法兰密封面,拆卸容易。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: green;">2、标准垫片的选用</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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查看完整版本: 法兰垫片的类型、标识和选用!